Look for the "+P" on the gun. It should say ".38 +P" or similar to indicate you can use such rounds.

The only revolver I know for sure about is the Taurus 82 I bought. The manual suggests using +P rarely. Says not to even practice with it. +P rounds too hard on the gun.

Yes you can shoot plus p ammunition in your 38 special, but only if your gun is rated for plus p ammunition. If you have a newer gun it would be ok, but If it is an older model then I would not shoot plus p ammunition as it has twice the amount of pressure as regular 38 ammo. Plus p 38 ammunition is great for home or self defense, but for target shooting no need for it.

Only if it is rated for +p

It will chamber, but the pressure probably goes beyond manufacturers' recommendation. In short--I wouldn't do it in one of my guns that wasn't rated +P.